Talk:Main Page - Revision history

Tobyvan: Blanked the page

2020-06-18T14:57:44Z

Blanked the page

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 18 June 2020
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	~~== Guidelines for safe sputum collection: Healthcare facilities ==~~

	~~'''Introduction'''~~

	Sputum specimen examination is the main diagnostic procedure for pulmonary Tuberculosis [1]; however, the medical procedure (patient coughing) that is used for sputum collection increases the potential for transmission of M. Tuberculosis significantly [2]; therefore, there is need to administer sputum collection safely in healthcare facilities [3]. The CSIR’s Infrastructure Innovation research group has conducted many TB risk assessments in South African public healthcare facilities for over 10 years. A common finding was that engineering controls for sputum collection were not always adequate, maintained or monitored. Sputum was observed to be collected from toilets, consulting rooms and counselling rooms which implies increased risk of TB transmission.
	This guideline provide guidance on conducting sputum collection safely for suspected or known infectious TB patients. Although there is a three level hierarchy of control measures; administrative controls, engineering controls and personal respiratory protection to prevent transmission of TB, this guideline is limited to engineering control measures for sputum collection.

	~~'''Engineering control measures for sputum collection'''~~

	~~There are two main types of engineering methodologies that can be utilised for sputum collection; local exhaust ventilation devices and sputum induction rooms.~~

	~~Local exhaust ventilation devices~~
	Local exhaust ventilation devices capture of airborne contaminants at or near the source before they are dispersed into the work space [4,5]. The basic components of an LEV device are hood, ductwork, air cleaner and fan [5]. Burgess, et al., [4] identifies two major categories of LEV devices; enclosures and exterior. The major difference between these two is that for enclosures, contaminants are released from inside the device whereas for exterior contaminants are released outside the device. A sputum booth is considered as an example of an enclosure LEV device. Illustrations of an enclosure and exterior LEV devices are shown in Figures 1 and 2 respectively. Figure 1 shows a CSIR designed sputum booth. Technical specifications for the booth that can be used for procurement are included in Appendix A.

Tkumirai at 07:53, 18 June 2020

2020-06-18T07:53:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:53, 18 June 2020
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	== Guidelines for safe sputum collection: Healthcare facilities ==		== Guidelines for safe sputum collection: Healthcare facilities ==

	Introduction		'''Introduction'''

	Sputum specimen examination is the main diagnostic procedure for pulmonary Tuberculosis [1]; however, the medical procedure (patient coughing) that is used for sputum collection increases the potential for transmission of M. Tuberculosis significantly [2]; therefore, there is need to administer sputum collection safely in healthcare facilities [3]. The CSIR’s Infrastructure Innovation research group has conducted many TB risk assessments in South African public healthcare facilities for over 10 years. A common finding was that engineering controls for sputum collection were not always adequate, maintained or monitored. Sputum was observed to be collected from toilets, consulting rooms and counselling rooms which implies increased risk of TB transmission.		Sputum specimen examination is the main diagnostic procedure for pulmonary Tuberculosis [1]; however, the medical procedure (patient coughing) that is used for sputum collection increases the potential for transmission of M. Tuberculosis significantly [2]; therefore, there is need to administer sputum collection safely in healthcare facilities [3]. The CSIR’s Infrastructure Innovation research group has conducted many TB risk assessments in South African public healthcare facilities for over 10 years. A common finding was that engineering controls for sputum collection were not always adequate, maintained or monitored. Sputum was observed to be collected from toilets, consulting rooms and counselling rooms which implies increased risk of TB transmission.
			This guideline provide guidance on conducting sputum collection safely for suspected or known infectious TB patients. Although there is a three level hierarchy of control measures; administrative controls, engineering controls and personal respiratory protection to prevent transmission of TB, this guideline is limited to engineering control measures for sputum collection.

	~~This guideline provide guidance on conducting~~ sputum collection ~~safely~~ for ~~suspected~~ or ~~known infectious TB patients~~. ~~It covers~~ the ~~appropriate engineering control measures~~.		'''Engineering control measures for sputum collection'''

			There are two main types of engineering methodologies that can be utilised for sputum collection; local exhaust ventilation devices and sputum induction rooms.

			Local exhaust ventilation devices
			Local exhaust ventilation devices capture of airborne contaminants at or near the source before they are dispersed into the work space [4,5]. The basic components of an LEV device are hood, ductwork, air cleaner and fan [5]. Burgess, et al., [4] identifies two major categories of LEV devices; enclosures and exterior. The major difference between these two is that for enclosures, contaminants are released from inside the device whereas for exterior contaminants are released outside the device. A sputum booth is considered as an example of an enclosure LEV device. Illustrations of an enclosure and exterior LEV devices are shown in Figures 1 and 2 respectively. Figure 1 shows a CSIR designed sputum booth. Technical specifications for the booth that can be used for procurement are included in Appendix A.

Tkumirai at 10:55, 17 June 2020

2020-06-17T10:55:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:55, 17 June 2020
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	Sputum specimen examination is the main diagnostic procedure for pulmonary Tuberculosis [1]; however, the medical procedure (patient coughing) that is used for sputum collection increases the potential for transmission of M. Tuberculosis significantly [2]; therefore, there is need to administer sputum collection safely in healthcare facilities [3]. The CSIR’s Infrastructure Innovation research group has conducted many TB risk assessments in South African public healthcare facilities for over 10 years. A common finding was that engineering controls for sputum collection were not always adequate, maintained or monitored. Sputum was observed to be collected from toilets, consulting rooms and counselling rooms which implies increased risk of TB transmission.		Sputum specimen examination is the main diagnostic procedure for pulmonary Tuberculosis [1]; however, the medical procedure (patient coughing) that is used for sputum collection increases the potential for transmission of M. Tuberculosis significantly [2]; therefore, there is need to administer sputum collection safely in healthcare facilities [3]. The CSIR’s Infrastructure Innovation research group has conducted many TB risk assessments in South African public healthcare facilities for over 10 years. A common finding was that engineering controls for sputum collection were not always adequate, maintained or monitored. Sputum was observed to be collected from toilets, consulting rooms and counselling rooms which implies increased risk of TB transmission.

	This guideline provide guidance on conducting sputum collection safely for suspected or known infectious TB patients. It covers the appropriate ~~administrative and~~ engineering control measures.		This guideline provide guidance on conducting sputum collection safely for suspected or known infectious TB patients. It covers the appropriate engineering control measures.

Tkumirai: /* Guidelines for safe sputum collection: Healthcare facilities */ new section

2020-06-17T10:53:42Z

Guidelines for safe sputum collection: Healthcare facilities: new section

New page

== Guidelines for safe sputum collection: Healthcare facilities ==

Introduction

Sputum specimen examination is the main diagnostic procedure for pulmonary Tuberculosis [1]; however, the medical procedure (patient coughing) that is used for sputum collection increases the potential for transmission of M. Tuberculosis significantly [2]; therefore, there is need to administer sputum collection safely in healthcare facilities [3]. The CSIR’s Infrastructure Innovation research group has conducted many TB risk assessments in South African public healthcare facilities for over 10 years. A common finding was that engineering controls for sputum collection were not always adequate, maintained or monitored. Sputum was observed to be collected from toilets, consulting rooms and counselling rooms which implies increased risk of TB transmission.

This guideline provide guidance on conducting sputum collection safely for suspected or known infectious TB patients. It covers the appropriate administrative and engineering control measures.